Pain management is a cornerstone of orthopedic and rheumatologic care, aiming to improve patient comfort, mobility, and quality of life. Chronic pain from conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fractures, and post-surgical recovery can significantly impact daily activities and mental health. Modern pain management strategies combine pharmacological treatments, including NSAIDs, corticosteroids, DMARDs, and biologics, with non-pharmacological approaches such as physiotherapy, acupuncture, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Multimodal strategies are often employed to target pain from multiple pathways, minimizing medication side effects while maximizing relief.
Interventional techniques, such as nerve blocks, epidural injections, and radiofrequency ablation, have advanced precision pain control for both acute and chronic musculoskeletal conditions. Additionally, wearable technologies and digital monitoring systems allow clinicians to track pain levels and functional outcomes remotely, enabling timely adjustments to treatment plans. Personalized pain management, integrated with rehabilitation and lifestyle interventions, ensures a holistic approach, helping patients regain function, maintain independence, and enhance overall well-being. These innovations reflect a shift toward patient-centered, evidence-based strategies in musculoskeletal pain care.